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Chapter 2

TOY(FD) Programming

Examples

2.1 Important Note about Programming with TOY(FD)

In many cases, it can be useful to modularize a program and divide it in smaller pieces

of code. As many other programming languages, TOY(FD) provides a directive that

allows to use code written in a TOY(FD) ﬁle in another TOY(FD) program without

rewriting it. This directive is include and follows the following syntax

• include "file.toy"

For example, if we are writing a program in a ﬁle ﬁle.toy , we can use the directive

include "file.toy" in any part of the program (usually in the beginning) and, as a

consequence, our program can make use of any function or data type deﬁned in ﬁle.toy.

Two important remarks in this sense:

• If a program requires the use of functions for ﬁnite domain constraint solving, it

must contain the directive

include "cflpfd.toy"

as the ﬁle cﬂpfd.toy contains the deﬁnitions of data types and functions needed

to execute constraint solving in the ﬁnite domain (see examples in the rest of the

chapter).

• The ﬁle “misc.toy” is distributed with the system and provides many functions

frequently used (see Appendix C). As a consequence, many programs include in

their codes the directive

include "misc.toy"

Observe that this directive does not begin with / as it is not a directive to be used at the command

level, but directly inserted in the program -see examples in this chapter.

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